Legacy of Qin Shi Huangdi

Legacy of Qin Shi HuangdiLegalism is a belief system that emerged in Ancient chinaware during the era of the Warring States (771-221 B.C.), during which several viewpoints for reestablishing peace within China were competing following(a) societal disorder. It was an approach defined by extreme methods, goals, and strict adherence to law. Under this political philosophy, human nature was perceived as evil and thereof heavy restraints were to be placed on humans. The laws established during this period were meant to be easily understandable, punishments threatening, and rewards prompt so that people decided to do exactly what the regimen asked of them(Major). Under legalism, a highly efficient and powerful brass was believed to be fundamental to maintaining stability. Any disobedience was to be met with harsh punishments to make it less sympathetic for people to choose to be disobedient, while the head execution of duties by people was to be rewarded to encourage such complying behavior. It was not until Shi Huangdi came to the throne in 246 B.C., did Legalist political theory gain favor and actually be implemented in China. The first emperor social functiond 4 methods to rule and unify China effectively, of which were centralization, standardization, censorship, and human rights abuse. wholeness of these practices, censorship, helped accomplish its goal of unifying China by discouraging the presence of controversy which slows down the integration of society. Censorship is an important indicator for the presence of Legalism and it seems unembellished that it has increased from Ancient China in terms of complexity. While Modern China, no longer reflects the extent to which Legalism has been prevalent in Ancient China, it, a domain that lacks media independence, still is imprinted with the main aspects associated with this philosophy.Censorship is the practice of officially examining books, movies, written works, and another(prenominal) objects in ord er to suppress unacceptable or objectionable parts. The purpose of this is to warn opinion that may be detrimental to the government and is able to cause debate. In Ancient China, Legalist apply censorship to control ideas, follow outs, and peoples behavior. One way they exposeed use of it was by ordering a campaign in 213 B.C. for confiscating and burning books in private hands that were harmful toward the government (Major). Another more serious action that illustrates the back-then use of censorship was Huangdis burial of Confucian scholars alive in the capital after learning about their dissent toward his policies. Therefore, censorship allowed individuals that go against the government in any way or caused disputes in society to be easily removed. Without any amount of censorship, people privy be easily persuaded by temporals used to convey opinion and the government would face difficulty in exacting its citizens.Today, the Great Firewall of China is the technology that the Chinese government uses to block access to material it finds inappropriate on the web (Olesen). Chinese Internet users are restricted with this from having the freedom to view certain search results fully, have discussions on certain topic, and to be able to express any comments freely. According to an academic cooperative, China has the worlds most sophisticated internet filtering system, and the Chinese government is arguably the worlds best at controlling what is people see (Wiseman). This is due to the Chinese governments intolerance of dissent that can be easily found when viewing information on the web. Internet freedom is important because as President Obama stated, the more freely information flows, the stronger the society becomes, because then citizens of countries around the world can hold their own governments accountable (Scherer). The Chinese government would be likely to disagree and apparently would want their citizens to be constrained as on the web to lessen th eir power and influence, to make the government more powerful and dominating over them as during the Legalist era when citizens were represented as powerless, insignificant government workers. Accessing data on sensitive as well as controversial subjects is difficult with the Chinese monitoring all incoming and outgoing traffic on the web. An example of a specialized search locomotive engine for China that filters results effectively on such topics is Google China. With this website, when users type in Tiananmen Square, they will receive only the tourist images of the place and not the images of the 1989 protests for democratic reform there that ended up in a violent crackdown by the Chinese government (Wiseman). This reveals how the Chinese government is reluctant to have certain information online because it can be used to persuade them to take blame for something the government tries to act as if less responsible for an event that went wrong when they previously intervened in it . Therefore, China uses propaganda officials who send out teams of commentators to post patriotic messages on websites and online bulletin boards to encourage the spread of nationalist opinion and/or positive feedback by citizens to the government (Edward). This helps show how the government tries to hide information it feels shouldnt be shared with information thats more likely to encourage positive post toward the government.Censorship efforts are also seen on television in China, where they are used to limit foreign ideas swaying citizens. Because the news media is not privatized, but managed by the government, the government has more power than citizens and has the ability to office media stations to use only approved news stories rather than any criticizing Chinas government (Haugen). Publishing or course of studying on television anything that is distasteful to the Chinese government is illegal in the nation and can lead to imprisonment (Haugen). Again, these laws help prot ect the Chinese government more than the governments citizens, which would have been supported by the Legalists. An example of TV censorship that occurred this month was during President Obamas visit to China. After American officials negotiated to have the Chinese set aside live nationwide broadcast time for the electric chairs town hall with Chinese student, China still refused to follow their requests, and the event was shown subsequent on TV (Scherer). This gave time for Chinese officials to edit the speech. When the president addressed the world in his inaugural and reached a line in his speech describing communism, the live broadcast in China was cut off and later versions of the speech had this part illegalise (Edward). Another line edited spoke to countries that imposed censorship policies to prevent criticism of their government. China might have censored such presidential comments to lessen the influence from Western values and to block out any sort of persuasion that m ight cause its citizens to do actions other cultures support but are unwelcome in China as they break with traditional Chinese values. This suggests China still has a hint of isolationism attitude toward other nations as it did have in the Legalist era and doesnt want to blend in with other countries as blending in would fade away traditional principles. Censorship is used to prevent Chinese citizens from complying with other nations other than China.Although the philosophy of Legalism isnt prevailing as it was in Ancient China, the heavy presence of media censorship on the Internet, television, and on foreign ideas, in China today, reveals that there is still a lasting impact from legalism that can noticed. If there wasnt any presence of Legalism, then, modern Chinese government would have been drastically different as citizens would have much more power than the government. But it isnt in a country that lacks essential media freedom.BibliographyEdward, Jonathan Ansfield. Chinese T V Censors Part of Address by Obama. The New York Times. 22 Jan. 2009. 13 Nov. 2009 .Haugen, David M. China Opposing Viewpoints. Farmington Hills Greenhaven, 2006.Major, John S. The Land and People of China. Lippincott, 1989.Olesen, Alexa. Chinese Censors Block Obamas bring forward to Free Web. Time. 16 Nov. 2009. 19 Nov. 2009 .Scherer, Michael. Could Obama Get Around Chinas Great Firewall? Time. 16 Nov. 2009. 19 Nov. 2009 .Wiseman, Paul. Cracking the Great Firewall of Chinas Web Censorship. USA Today. 23 Apr. 2008. 13 Nov. 2009 .

Feminism in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market Essay -- Feminism Femin

Feminism in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market The Victorian period marked the first traces of progress in the feminist movement, and poet Christina Rossetti embraced the advancement as her own long-established principles slowly became publicly acceptable. Her poem Goblin Market comments on the institutions in Victorian society that she and her feminist propagation wished to see altered, creating modern female heroines to carry out its messages. The goblins serve as malicious male figures to tempt the innocent heroines, sisters Laura and Lizzie, to corruption. According to the Victorian definition, a human race never takes unfair advantage . . . or insinuates evil which he dare not say out, and possesses, among other qualities, the ability to avoid all suspicion and animosity (Landow 4). The goblins in Rossettis poem succeed in contradicting every Victorian definition of a gentleman throughout the poem the only male figures present, they represent the detrimental nature of men o n the lives of women. In Goblin Market, the mens only beneficial purpose is impregnation. Once both sisters have gone to the goblins and acquired the juices of their fruits, they have no promote need of them (Mermin 291). The poem begins with the goblins calling the sisters attention to their delicious, exotic fruits, which represent the proverbial forbidden fruit--one taste leads to destruction. But the goblins depict their fruits as enticing. Rossetti uses rich imagery such as Currants and gooseberries,/ Bright-fire-like barberries,/ Figs to fill your mouth,/ Citrons from the South,/ Sweet to tongue and sound to eye (1) to stimulate the readers senses, just as the goblins calls provoke Laura and Lizzie. The goblins at... ...n Goblin Market. Victorian Poetry. Vol. 21, No. 2. Summer 1983. Phillips, W. Glasgow. Theme in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market. The Victorian Web. 1992. URL http//www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/victorian/vn/victorov.html. Plowman, Melanie. A s A Poet Speaking from Within Female Limitations. The VictorianWeb.1990.URL http//www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/victorian/vn/victorov.html. Rossetti, Christina. Goblin Market. Goblin Market and Other Poems. Ed. Candace Ward. New York capital of Delaware Publications, 1994. 1-16. Weathers, Winston. Christina Rossetti The Sisterhood of Self. Victorian Poetry. Vol. 111, No. 2, 1965. Wohl, Anthony S. The Supposed Excessive Sexuality of Lower Classes and Tribal Cultures. The Victorian Web. URL http//www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/victorian/vn/victorov.html.

Macbeth - Hero Or Villain? Essays -- essays research papers

Macbeth is a play by William Shakespeare that shows a protagonist going from bad to worse throughout the play. Shakespeare wrote this play, taking in mind current affairs at the time of 1603-1606. This is the time when a Scottish king, James I was given the English crown. This king was obsessed with witches, so Shakespeare brought this theme potently into the play. It also brings the theme of treachery towards the mightiness. This pleased King James and also pleased him about showing the line of Stuart Kings, James descendants, in Act 4, panorama 1.The play, Macbeth is a tragedy. The traditional specification of a tragedy requires the tragical hero to be a person who holds a high position who must cope with a conflicting force, either extern onlyy or internally(a conflicting force from his own state or another. Also, the hero should have a Hamartia, which is a tragic flaw. This will lead to the heros downfall, in this scale, it is Macbeths ambition. This downfall should lead to the heros death in order for him to qualify as a tragic hero. The action the tragic hero does must be real and could happen at any time.Macbeth becomes a villain when he discovers he will become King of Scotland. The traditional idea of a villain says that he or she should go by evil methods to get what they want. In the case of Macbeth, he killed Duncan to become King of Scotland. A villain is also cruel and ruthless. The villain may also be a person who commits crimes against the people and is all powerful.We detect about Macbeth even before we meet him. This is because the witches are casting a spell that foretells that Macbeth will meet them at the heath. In the scene with the captain, we hear that Macbeth is like a hero and is faithful to his king.O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman, (I, ii)When we first hear about Macbeth, we learn the descriptions of him are positive towards King Duncan. But, they are also gory. They tell of Macbeth being a fierce warrior and not being afr aid to kill in war.Till he unseamed him from the nave to th chops, (I, ii).After Macbeth meets the witches, he fully supports the evil they tell of to get what he wants. Whenever we mold the witches, they appear to be pure evil, especially when they cast their spells.Liver of blaspheming Jew (IV, i). still though the witches say Macbeth will be King of Scotland, they do not suggest that he kill Dunca... ...could have had if he didnt commit the murders. He still wants this, but has chosen completely the opposite.Just before Macbeth is killed in his castle, he speaks valiantly and warrior-like, showing where his strength is. If we can forget about Macbeths ambition we can admire him for this. Why should I play the Roman fool and dieOn mine own sword? Whiles I see lives, the gashesDo better upon them. (V, viii).At the beginning of the play, we view Macbeth as being a hero who would defend his King and country against traitors. He also holds a lot of guilt about killing Duncan, and is commanded by his own wife to do so. When Macbeth progresses into a villain, he becomes more detached from Lady Macbeth and can develop decisions without her. With this, he becomes more ruthless in his efforts to stay as the King of Scotland and people describe him as This tyrant (V, iii) and A dwarfish thief (V, ii). throughout the play whenever Macbeth tries to achieve his ambition, he always blocks his good qualities in favour of a more villainous way. It is this ambition of his that leads him to become a miscreant ulterior in the play, which leads to his undoing and eventual killing by Macduff.

Ronald Reagan Essay -- essays research papers

Ronald Reagan had a very successful life. He was the 40th chairman of the United States (1981-1989). He was an actor for 30 years before he became involved with politics and starred in more than 50 movies. Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in Tampico, Illinois. Reagan was raised by his locomotion shoe salesman father John Reagan, and his mother Nelle. John was an alcoholic and was saved from the Great Depression by the Works Progress Administration. Reagan was strongly influenced by his mother, who taught him to take up at an early age. After High School, Ronald Reagan won a Scholarship to Eureka College in Peoria, Illinois. He was very active at Eureka. He majored in economics, student body president, captain of the swimming team, and was on the football team. He became interested in acting, but after his graduation in 1932 the only moving in available that was related to show biz was a local radio sportscaster. In 1936 he took the job as a sportscaster for WHO radio send in Des Moines, Iowa.Reagan moved to Hollywood in 1937 and began a 30-year acting career. Some of his noted movies were Knute Rockne-All American, Kings Row, and Bedtime for Bozo. During his acting career, Reagan was elected as the president of the Screen Actors decree six times. He married Jane Wyman, had two children, but divorced her eight years later. He married Nancy Davis in 1952 and they had two more children. As president of the union, he tried to remove communists from the movie industry.Reagans first national political scene was when he did a speech supporting Republican presidential prospect Senator Barry Goldwater. Even though Goldwater lost the election, he brought in money and praise from fellow Republicans around the country. Reagan decided to run for Governor of California in 1966 and defeat Edmund G. Brown, Sr., by nearly one million votes. His two terms as governor were tough because six of the eight years he served the legislature was controlled by Democrats, him b eing a Republican. As governor, Reagan became known as a conservative politician who wanted to restrict government involvement in economy and society. Ronald Reagan do a last-minute effort to get the 1968 Republican presidenti... ...ent to Muslim guerillas fighting the communist government of Afghanistan.In 1982, in an effort to strengthen the Lebanon government, he displace marines to Lebanon. In October 1983, 250 marines were killed when their Beirut headquarters was bombed. Reagan removed his troops. Those remaining were often captured by Muslim radicals.In 1987 Kuwait asked for Soviet and U.S. tending during the Iran-Iraq war in the Persian Gulf. The last two years of Reagans presidency were marred by a political scandal, which badly damaged his reputation as an honest person and pull to principle. The scandal was that the U.S. had secretly sold weapons to Iran and had diverted the profits from the sale to help the contras. Reagan denied the allegations. There was also sai d to be a law saying that the U.S. couldnt aid the contras. This revealed to be true and Reagan lost his image.In conclusion, Ronald Reagan was definitely one of our nations greatest presidents ever. He helped us in so many ways. I think if the media werent so republican biased then more people would realize how great President Reagan really was.

Emily Character Analysis of A Rose for Emily Essay -- A Rose For Emily,

Miss Emily Up CloseIn the short story of A Rose for Emily, the main character illustrates a disturbed individual that doesnt want to separate herself from a deceased love iodin. Everyone knows what its like to loose a loved one, but the town of Jefferson had no idea how hard Emily had taken death until they unraveled her deep, dark secret. People knew what it must have been like to be Emily. They knew the type of deportment she had lived and felt bad for the way her father had kept her all cooped up and sheltered away from any humankind. They also knew her father had felt that no man was good enough for her. The people of Jefferson felt that the family thought they were better then everyone else and showed no sort of insanity. When her father died, people realized the toll it had taken on Emily. They were somewhat relieved to know he was gone, and she too would discover what it was like to be a ?pauper.? They also knew they could pity her and the woman even came to her house to solace her. They found it interesting when they saw no sense of grief amongst her face, and that she acted like she had no idea of the death of her father. People of Jefferson still didn?t think she was crazy, they had moreover figured it was all she had to do. She wasn?t very tidy and she had left an African American to clean up her house and be her butler. They women knew that a man sure didn?t know how to clean a house so they knew he was the reason for the horrible smells. The scent of her house was gruesome, and left people nauseous. Unfortunately, no one had the guts to let her know that she had basically had an odor, which surrounded her property. So the townspeople had squeezed lemon juice around her yard to relieve the horrid smell. When Miss Emil... ...dering emotions which superpower have driven Emily to her insanity. Although it is hard, I have not even thought of the perverted things that she had done to Mr. Barron, nor have I thought that an individual was capab le of sex act themselves that someone isn?t dead and argue with people and say I wouldn?t give up their body. Emily did go through a lot in her lifetime. It is hard to loose someone close to you, and especially if that is all you truly have. I feel that all Emily wanted was to feel loved, and to have someone in her life that made her feel special and feel like she was somebody. She was lonely, and she needed someone to love her and someone for her to love. She sought attention which she rarely received as a child. She demonstrates a quite luminous type of psychosis that was affected and hindered from her father?s death and corrupt and shelter childhood.

working good :: essays research papers

Related Articles Boost efficiency in your workplace Could a private Web site help your business? 10 tips for using instant pass along for business Related Resources Cr swallowe an e-mail community Collaborate privately online Upgrade your accounting software Every built in bed harbors inefficiencies fax machines that dont work properly, files disorganized or missing, high-traffic areas that stigma productive work impossible. But the number of businesses that simply adapt to poor setups, rather than eliminating them, is surprising.Look around your office for these common office-productivity drains, and get hitched with these eight tips to address them.Outdated technologyComputers, printers, software and other technology that have outlived their usefulness can quickly eat into productivity. For example, a graphic condition who works on an underpowered PC may have to wait 20-30 seconds each time an image loads or is saved. Employees who assenting the Internet with slow dial-up c onnections confront similar problems when Web pages cant be loaded or, worse, crash their PCs.How do you know your technology is dated? As a command rule, if your computer cant run the up-to-the-minute version of a key program, it is probably time for an upgrade. Your investment in new equipment may quickly be recouped in increased workflow.Poorly knowing workspaceSpend a few days monitoring work patterns to highlight inefficiencies built into the way you work. For instance, you might move to another(prenominal) room anytime you contain to sic out text file because you lack enough desktop room. Or maybe you type up notes after finishing a conference call because your recollect is too far away from your computer, preventing you from taking notes during the call.Fixing these kinds of productivity saps is often a matter of reorganizing physical workspace. It may be as simple as transferring books away from a countertop or getting a phone extension cord.Inefficient filing system sDisorganized files make it harder to distinguish the information you need when you need it, which can double the amount of time spent on a paper chase.To fix messy filing practices, make sure you and your staffers have the incumbent supplies to keep files organized. Assess whether or not you need additional file cabinets to allow all staff members to have blowsy access to the papers they need. Finally, get a line moving inactive files to a storeroom to make it easier for workers to find active files.Untamed information flowThe increasing availableness of technology such as e-mail and cell phones has inundated the work environment with news, marketing messages, junk mail, and personal communications.working good essays research papers Related Articles Boost efficiency in your workplace Could a private Web site help your business? 10 tips for using instant messaging for business Related Resources Create an e-mail community Collaborate privately online Upgrade your accounting s oftware Every office harbors inefficiencies fax machines that dont work properly, files disorganized or missing, high-traffic areas that make productive work impossible. But the number of businesses that simply adapt to poor setups, rather than eliminating them, is surprising.Look around your office for these common office-productivity drains, and follow these eight tips to address them.Outdated technologyComputers, printers, software and other technology that have outlived their usefulness can quickly eat into productivity. For example, a graphic designer who works on an underpowered PC may have to wait 20-30 seconds each time an image loads or is saved. Employees who access the Internet with slow dial-up connections face similar problems when Web pages cant be loaded or, worse, crash their PCs.How do you know your technology is dated? As a general rule, if your computer cant run the latest version of a key program, it is probably time for an upgrade. Your investment in new equipm ent may quickly be recouped in increased workflow.Poorly designed workspaceSpend a few days monitoring work patterns to highlight inefficiencies built into the way you work. For instance, you might move to another room anytime you need to lay out papers because you lack enough desktop room. Or maybe you type up notes after finishing a conference call because your phone is too far away from your computer, preventing you from taking notes during the call.Fixing these kinds of productivity saps is often a matter of reorganizing physical workspace. It may be as simple as transferring books away from a countertop or getting a phone extension cord.Inefficient filing systemsDisorganized files make it harder to find the information you need when you need it, which can double the amount of time spent on a paper chase.To fix messy filing practices, make sure you and your staffers have the necessary supplies to keep files organized. Assess whether or not you need additional file cabinets to al low all staff members to have easy access to the papers they need. Finally, consider moving inactive files to a storeroom to make it easier for workers to find active files.Untamed information flowThe increasing availability of technology such as e-mail and cell phones has inundated the work environment with news, marketing messages, junk mail, and personal communications.

Boots secures its Wellbeing Essay -- essays research papers

Boots secures its WellbeingThe Wellbeing Web site, launched by Boots and Granada, had to establish systems to identify and screen surface online fraudsters without inconveniencing its genuine customers. Susan Amos reports When chemist Boots and leisure giant Granada launched Wellbeing.com, a Web site that sells goods ranging from toothbrushes to exercise bikes, they realised that like all major online shopping ventures it faced a signifi arset threat from fraudsters. They wanted to make it calorie-free for genuine consumers to procure, while keeping fraudsters at bay those who use computer-generated credit card numbers to buy goods, and do not pay for them. When an order is placed on Wellbeing.com, its bank, Barclays Merchant Services, checks that the credit card number is genuine, that the card is not stolen and that there are specie available. However, this system provides little safeguard against a number being used fraudulently if the card has not been stolen. To add further checks, Wellbeing turned to Texas-based ClearCommerces opening move Merchant Engine an integrated fraud management system. Kevin Figgitt, third party operations manager at Wellbeing, says Enterprise Merchant Engine is very easy to use. You set up a number of rules. According to what the customer types in, it returns codes and you can decide what action to take for each response code, he says. The software can refer a customer to a contact centre to complete a transaction or block purchases entirely. The eng...